For the organization of the majority of data networks, computers or phones, use cables. There are called network wires. In recent years they are often mounted using a special type of cable that is called "twisted pair". The name refers to the type of arrangement of conductors relative to each other. Twisted Pair - Two insulating conductors, twisted along with a fixed lay length. As a rule two wires have another layer of insulation.
There are cables having two, four, eight pairs of conductors under the same shell. Nevertheless, such a cable is called "twisted pair", although there are many joints. Depending on the type of protection there are unshielded and shielded cables. Shielding, reduces the effects of external and internal interference, improves the reliability of the compound, reduces the amount of errors. Excessive bending and breakage of the screen across the length of the cable is connected to a special non-insulated conduit wire to ensure integrity. Shielded twisted pair provides a greater transmission speed, and partially eliminates the effect of interference from other objects.
The screen can be in the form of wire mesh, braid, continuous foil cover. The cables are with double protection, foil wrapped top mesh braid. According to international practice, this type of conductor is identified as this: - UTP, shielded - STP unshielded twisted pair. Such a wire is also classified as non-shielded if the cable is a composite shield, but the individual joints are not shielded. Terminal equipment uses different types of cables. Which one you need, see the data sheet or description.
Depending on the structure of the twisted pair of conductors can be solid or stranded. Single-core cable consists of a single wire of a large diameter, multi-core is a bundle of thin wires. differs in its field of application. Single-core greater rigidity, can break bad bend under repeated flexing.
Used for installation in walls, pipes and conduit, followed by installation in sockets. Stranded twisted pair cable has good flexibility, but does not tolerate being connected to the outlet. This type of cable is used to connect terminals with spots.
The outer shell conductor serves to protect them from moisture and mechanical damage. It is of different thickness and made of different materials. According to European standards for outdoor installation suitable only those wires that do not emit smoke and do not burn.
To facilitate the works use different colors of conductors for different purposes. For example, for the outer layer of the cable with the outer shell of the case black color, orange indicates that the shell material is not burnt, and the color on the inner conductor is generally gray. Cables consisting of twisted pairs can have different sizes: round or flat (for laying under the floor)
The two main types of computer networking cables are unshielded twisted pair and shielded twisted pair. Unwired twisted pair (UTP) is the most common type of computer networking cable in use today. It consists of four pairs of eight wires and is connected using an RJ-45 plug that looks like an over-sized telephone connector. UTP is used by the Ethernet networking protocol.
UTP is organized by Telecom Industry Association/Electronics Industry Association (TIA/EIA) into six categories, depending on the data speed it is set to carry. These range from Category 6, in which the cable is considered capable of sending data that is 1 gigabit per second, to Category 2, which only sends data as fast as 4 megabits per second. Category 1 is reserved for basic telephone use.
Of this type of cable, only Categories 5, 5e and 6 are in common use as of late 2010. Category 6 cable is the fastest standard for UTP. It differs from Category 5E in that it has better resistance to electrical noise and external interference, also known as crosstalk. Category 5, which is not limited to just four pairs, but can contain up to 100 pairs in so-called "backbone applications", has been superseded by Category 5e. Category 4 is used in the Token Ring network and, as such, is no longer in general use. Category 3 is still used in some telephone installations and Power over Ethernet (PoE) applications.
Category 7 cable is proposed as the standard to allow 10 Gbps data transmission. It is technically a shielded twisted pair (STP) cable, however, and requires a different connector than the previous UTP connector. In November 2010, equipment manufacturers decided to continue using RJ-45 plugs for their 10 Gigabit Ethernet products. Category 7 is not recognized by TIA/EIA.
Shielded twisted pair (STP) computer networking cables are used by the Token Ring Networking Protocol. These are two pairs of four wires, with a copper braid or metal shield around the wires. Although it is still being used in some installations, it is being phased out due to the development of Ethernet and UTP computer networking cables. There are a few other network cabling types in use, such as fiber-optic cabling; However, these cables are fairly specialized, and they are no longer in general use in 2010.
The photo shows Super Category 5 twisted-pair cable, which is composed of four pairs of wires, consisting of eight wires. Twisted pair is the most commonly used transmission medium in integrated wiring projects. It is a general-purpose wiring made by two insulated wires twisted together according to a certain specification. This information belongs to the transmission medium of the communication network.
Why twist two wires into a twisted pair?
Because this mutual entanglement changes the basic electrical characteristics of the cable. This not only reduces its own crosstalk, but also prevents the signal on other cables from interfering with the cable pair to the greatest extent.
how to make twisted pair wire
Materials/Equipment:
network cable pliers twisted pair pl crystal head
First, use a network cable pliers to peel off the outer sheath of the twisted pair.
The easiest way to make a flip line is to have the same line sequence on both ends, but when making the other end, simply fasten the crystal head upside down.
The 3 cross crossover line has interchanges 12 and 36, not 13 and 46. It must be true or it won't work. The length of the line from the switch cannot exceed 100 meters. If the signal attenuation exceeds 100 meters, the signal attenuation will be more severe. If packet loss occurs, the network will become unusable. The twisted pair coil sequence is regular, and this law is scientifically based, not just to be able to connect. This type of twisted-pair cable was invented based on the mutual crosstalk of electromagnetic signals. Ideal network speed can be achieved only by arranging the cables according to the line sequence. If the cable is not arranged according to the line sequence, the theoretical transmission speed cannot be achieved!
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